Abstract: In recent years, the international trade in ornamental fishes has grown rapidly.The traditional identification methods based mainly on fish morphology, color and pattern characteristics was difficult to identify fish species because these characteristics were easily affected by age, environment, culture conditions and other factors in many fishes, especially the eggs and larvae that had the similar morphological characteristics and the large number of species involved.DNA barcoding, the analysis of sequence diversity in a standardized gene region, has gained considerable validation as a tool for species identification and discovery.In this report, the DNA barcoding and gene sequence of koi, goldfish, cichlids, angelfish, discus, blood parrot cichlid, flower horn, dragon fish, bellyfish, ratfish, stingray fish and other ornamental fishes had been retrieved in GenBank and BOLD SYSTEMS database.The interspecific genetic distance had been calculated by using MEGA software and the similar sequences had been searched in BOLD SYSTEMS to study the application of DNA barcode to identify the main ornamental fish species.The results showed that this technology could effectively identify the most ornamental fish species, but it was difficult to obtain accurate identification on a wide variety of cichlid and guppies which had closer genetic relationship.The golden arowana, red arowana which belong to the subspecies of Asian arowana, and the artificial breeding fishes such as different strains of koi, goldfish, fairy fish, discus, blood parrot and flower horn also could not be identified through the COI barcoding.It is necessarily to study other molecular methods.