基于线粒体DNA D-loop标记的华南地区4种鲤亚科鱼类遗传多样性分析

    Genetic diversity analysis of four Cyprininae fish species in South China based on mitochondrial DNA D-loop sequence

    • 摘要:
      目的 研究华南地区鲤亚科鱼类的遗传多样性,为开展淡水鱼类的遗传育种工作提供参考。
      方法 本研究采集位于海南省、广东省、广西壮族自治区的华南鲤(Cyprinus carpiorubrofuscus Lacepede)、尖鳍鲤(Cyprinus acutidorsalis Wang)、三角鲤(Cyprinus multitaeniata Pellegrin et Chevey)和须鲫(Carassioides cantonensis Heincke)4种鲤亚科鱼类的6个种群共156个样本,采用线粒体D-loop标记分析其遗传多样性。
      结果 研究结果表明,华南鲤的海南、珠江和榕江3个种群的遗传多样性相对较高,其线粒体控制区的单倍型多样性分别为0.814、0.895和0.879;须鲫、尖鳍鲤和三角鲤的单倍型多样性较低,分别为0.748、0.794和0.536。华南鲤的遗传多样性较高,其中海南种群略低于珠江种群和榕江种群,可能与历史上的冰期活动和琼州海峡的阻隔有关。须鲫、尖鳍鲤和三角鲤三者的遗传多样性相对较低,这可能与3个物种本身的分布范围较小、生存能力较差有关。
      意义 本研究结果为进一步探明华南地区鲤亚科鱼类的自然资源状况和开展淡水鱼类的遗传育种工作提供了重要的参考。

       

      Abstract:
      Objective  This study aims to analysis the genetic diversity of Cyprinidae in South China, and provide reference for genetic breeding of freshwater fish.
      Methods  The genetic diversity of Cyprininae fish in South China, a total of 156 samples from six populations of four species of Cyprininae fish, including Cyprinus carpiorubrofuscus Lacepede, Cyprinus acutidorsalis Wang, Cyprinus multitaeniata Pellegrin et Cheveyand, Carassioides cantonensis Heincke, were collected in Hainan Province, Guangdong Province, and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. The mitochondrial D-loop marker was used to analyze genetic diversity.
      Results This study showed that the genetic diversities of Cyprinus carpio rubrofuscus Lacepede had higher genetic diversity. In which, the haplotype diversities based on D-loop were 0.814, 0.895 and 0.879, respectively. The haplotype diversities of Carassioides cantonensis Heincke, Cyprinus acutidorsalis Wang and Cyprinus multitaeniata Pellegrin et Chevey based on D-loop were in lower levels, which were 0.748, 0.794 and 0.536, respectively. Among which, the genetic diversity of Hainan population was lower a bit than that of the Pearl River population and Rongjiang population. This may be caused by the Ice Age and the separation of Qiongzhou Strait. The genetic diversities of Carassioides cantonensis Heincke, Cyprinus acutidorsalis Wang and Cyprinus multitaeniata Pellegrin et Chevey were in very low levels, which were related with their small distributions and low viabilities. This study found that Cyprinus acutidorsalis Wang, Cyprinus multitaeniata Pellegrin et Chevey, and Carassioides cantonensis Heincke did not share any haplotypes, indicating that there was no recent population exchange among these three taxa and suggesting significant population differentiation. Additionally, Cyprinus multitaeniata Pellegrin et Chevey and Carassioides cantonensis Heincke did not share haplotypes with Cyprinus carpiorubrofuscus Lacepede, indicating that there was no recent genetic exchange between these two taxa and Cyprinus multitaeniata Pellegrin et Chevey and Carassioides cantonensis Heincke have been separated from the population of Cyprinus carpiorubrofuscus Lacepede for a relatively long period of time.
      Significance This research provides important insights into the natural resource status of Cyprinidae fish in South China and offers a reference for future conservation and genetic breeding.

       

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