Background Fishes and other aquatic products are important agricultural products, with typical nutritious, healthy and delicious food, and play an important role in ensuring the food and nutritional security in the world.

Progress China has a long history of fish farming, featuring the world’s earliest treatise on the subject, “the Classics on Fish Breeding”, as well as the establishment of the oldest ecological farming method known as the “Mulberry Fish Pond”. In China, the artificial breeding technology of silver carp, bighead carp, grass carp, green carp and mud carp have been overcome, and have a complete theory of fish ecological farming—“the Eight Character Intensive Breeding Method” and richly fish culture. Since 1980s, China’s fish farming technology and farming model had been continuously innovating, and green transformation and upgrading, respectively. The variety, area, and output of fish farming have been continuously broken through which grass carp farming output have been taken the first place of a characteristic fishery. The pond farming mode have occupied an important position, and the characteristic development model of “variety research-integrated technology-industrial development” had been formed. Human have completed the structural adjustment from “difficulty in eating fish” to “consuming a large quantity of fish”, and even “consuming high-quality fish”, and make leapfrog development of fish farming from nearshore to deep sea. China is now a big country in fishery in world, the aquaculture yield is two-thirds of the world’s total aquaculture output.

Prospect With the promotion of the “Five Actions” in green and healthy aquaculture technology, “efficiency, quality, ecology, health, sustainability and safety” are the directions for the green development of China’s fish farming industry. It will be of great significance and play an important role in improving people’s living standards and promoting the strategy of rural revitalization.