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    菊粉对斑鳜幼鱼生长性能、消化酶活性、代谢功能及非特异性免疫的影响

    Effects of inulin on the growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, metabolic function and non-specific immunity of juvenile Siniperca scherzeri

      摘要
    • 摘要:
      目的 本试验旨在研究菊粉对斑鳜幼鱼生长性能、消化酶活性、代谢功能及非特异性免疫的影响。
      方法 选择初始体质量（IBM）为（7.40±0.07）g的斑鳜幼鱼360尾，随机分为4组，每组3个重复，每个重复30尾。以鳜鱼膨化料粉碎料为试验基础饲料，配制菊粉添加水平分别为0％（对照组L1）、0.5％（L2）、1.0％（L3）和1.5％（L4）的4种饲料，试验期为60 d。
      结果 1）当菊粉添加水平为0.5%时，斑鳜幼鱼生长性能最佳，终末体质量（FBM）、增重率（WGR）和特定生长率（SGR）均显著提高（P<0.05），饲料系数（FCR）显著降低（P<0.05）。2）当菊粉添加水平为0.5%时，斑鳜幼鱼的肠道消化酶活性有所提高，淀粉酶（AMS）活性显著高于对照组（P<0.05），脂肪酶（LPS）和胰蛋白酶（TPS）活性也高于对照组（P>0.05）。3）饲料中添加菊粉对斑鳜幼鱼血清脂质代谢有促进作用，当菊粉添加水平为1.5%时，血清中甘油三酯（TG）含量显著低于其他组（P<0.05）；当菊粉添加水平为0.5%时，血清中胆固醇（CHO）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）含量显著低于对照组（P<0.05）；当菊粉添加水平为1.0%~1.5%时，血清中高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）含量显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。4）当菊粉添加水平为0.5%时，斑鳜幼鱼蛋白质代谢能力最强，血液中丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）和天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）活性显著低于其他组（P<0.05）。5）饲料中添加菊粉能够提高斑鳜幼鱼的非特异性免疫能力，显著降低血清中丙二醛（MDA）含量（P<0.05）；当菊粉添加水平为0.5%时，碱性磷酸酶（ALP）和酸性磷酸酶（ACP）活性均显著高于其他组（P<0.05），超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性也高于对照组（P>0.05）。
      结论 在本试验条件下，饲料中适量添加菊粉，能够促进斑鳜幼鱼的生长，提高其消化和代谢能力，增强免疫力，且以0.5%的添加水平效果最佳。

       

      Abstract:
      Objective The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of inulin on the growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, metabolic function and non-specific immunity of juvenile Siniperca scherzeri.
      Methods A total of 360 juvenile S. scherzeri with initial body mass (IBM) of (7.40 ± 0.07) g were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups with 3 replicates per group and 30 fish per replicate. Using crushed expanded feed for mandarin fish as the experimental basal diet, four types of diets were prepared with inulin addition levels of 0% (control group, L1), 0.5% (L2), 1.0% (L3), and 1.5% (L4), respectively. The experiment lasted for 60 days.
      Results 1) The optimal growth performance of juvenile S. scherzeri was observed with an inulin addition level of 0.5%. At this level, final body mass (FBM), weight gain rate (WGR), and specific growth rate (SGR) significantly increased (P<0.05), while feed conversion ratio (FCR) significantly decreased (P<0.05). 2) The intestinal digestive enzyme activity of juvenile S. scherzeri was improved at a dietary inulin level of 0.5%. The intestinal amylase (AMS) activity was significantly increased compared with the control group (P<0.05), the intestinal lipase (LPS) and intestinal trypsin (TPS) activities were increased compared with the control group (P>0.05). 3) Adding inulin to feed could promote the serum lipid metabolism in juvenile S. scherzeri. The setum triglyceride (TG) content significantly decreased at a dietary inulin level of 1.5%, the serum cholesterol (CHO) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels at a dietary inulin level of 0.5% were significantly reduced compared with control group, the serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) content at a dietary inulin level of 1.0%−1.5% was significantly increased compared with control group. 4) Juvenile S. scherzeri showed the highest protein metabilism at a dietary inulin level of 0.5%. At this level, The alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities significantly decreased. 5) Adding inulin to feed can promote the non-specific immunity in juvenile S. scherzeri. The serum malondialdehyde (MDA) content of L2, L3 and L4 were significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). The serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and acid phosphatase (ACP) activities significantly increased at a dietary inulin level of 0.5% (P<0.05). At this level, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was also higher than that of control group (P>0.05).
      Conclusions Under the conditions of this experiment, adding appropriate amounts of inulin to feed can promote the growth, digestion, metabolism and immunity of juvenile Siniperca scherzeri, and 0.5% inulin supplementation has a better effect.

       

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