Abstract: This paper reviews the comparison of different agarose extraction methods, mainly in principle, operation process and quality indicators. At the same time the agarose modification is discussed, mainly introduces two widely used extraction methods of agarose derivatives (low electroosmosis agarose, low freezing temperature agarose) and the agarose and its derivatives are prospected. The paper is aiming to provide reference for the research in agarose extraction, purification process, and provide theoretical support for the derivatives of agarose.