Abstract: This study took three sizes of Hippocampus abdominalis as the research object to explore its temperature tolerance and observe its growth under different temperature conditions.The water temperature was set as 16℃ and increased or decreased by(1~2)℃/d in the present study.The results showed that the semi-lethal high temperature of three sizes of H.abdominalis were 26.2℃, 26.7℃ and 28.2℃, respectively;semi-lethal low temperatures were 4.9℃, 3.9℃ and 3.1℃, respectively.The maximum temperature limits of three sizes of H.abdominalis were 26.9℃, 27.2℃ and 28.7℃, respectively, the minimum temperature limits were 3.2℃, 2.8℃ and 2.0℃, respectively.The temperature tolerance amplitude were 23.7℃, 24.4℃ and 26.7℃, respectively.The five temperatures of 10℃, 13℃, 16℃, 19℃ and 22℃ were used to culture H.abdominalis for 84 days, the results showed that the survival rate and specific growth rate of the 16℃ were 72.22% and 1.84%, respectively, which significantly higher than the 10℃, 13℃ and 22℃.The specific growth rate had no significant difference between 19℃ and 16℃, but the survival rate of 19℃ was only 63.33%.The optimal culture temperature of H.abdominalis was 16℃ according to the survival rate and specific growth rate of experiment.