Abstract: Field investigation and random sampling were carried in Tingjiang River from Yanggu of Changting to Guanzhuang of Shanghang in 2014-2015.The results showed that the water temperature,dissolved oxygen and pH were varied from 17.2 to 28.5℃,7.03 to 8.63 mg/L and 6.75 to 6.83 in the year,respectively.Pseudogobio vaillanti likes inhabiting in gravel or sand,and generally hiddening in a crevice.The breeding period was from April to July,and spawning period was from May to June.The sexual maturity age was 1~2 ages,whose body weight was 8.1~56.3 g.The fecundity was 213 to 550 eggs/individual,and the relative fecundity was 20~120 grain/g body weight and its maturity coefficient was 1.07%~8.37%.The male maturity coefficient was 0.41%~4.85%.Its demersal egg was deep yellow in color and had a diameter of (0.762±0.015)mm.The water depth was 1.5~2.5 m in spawning site with water temperature of 18.6~26.7℃,pH 6.8~7.2 and gravel bottom.